Hydraulic brake mechanism



Feb- 25, 1947- '.1. E. MoR'roN v HYDRAULIC BRAKE MECHANISM Filed Aug, 3, 1944 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 v 0\ v uk \\\\\\\\\\W\\\Nb N Nw. www M@ m. m. NPN m. w Nm. .J NM. /...\.v IIIIJ m o l, f 1 o o iiivilli!!! |---I H| w M W N m .MI M l @i wNN NQ 0 0 r m l W I QQN l AN MN. um. .KN w l* NWN Feb. 25, 1947. J E. MQRTQN HYDRAULIC BRAKE MECHANISM 4 lSheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 3, 1944 www www. wm..

Feb. 25,v 1'947. J E, MORTQN l 2,416,638

HYDRAULIC BRAKE MECHANISM- Filed Aug. 3, 1944 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Feb. 25, 1947. J, E, MORTQN HYDRAULIC BRAKE MECHANISM Filed Aug. 5 1944 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 control mechanism.

Jing. 11.

Patented Feb. 25, 1947 HYDRAULIC BRAKE IVIEGHANISM James Morton, Harveyrlll. Application August 3, 1944, Serial No. 547,881

11 Claims.

1 Y The invention relates to hydraulic brakes of the torque pressure type.

One object of the invention is to provide a hydraulic brake of the torque pressure type which is adapted for use in hoisting mechanism. p

Another object of the invention is to provide hydraulic brake mechanism comprising radial cylinders in which movable pistons are operated for producing torque pressure and braking eifect upon the load. e v

Another object of the invention is to provide automatic means for controlling the torque pres# sure of the fluid and the braking effect and automatically graduating the torque pressure in stopping the movement of the load.

Another object of the invention is to provide a hydraulic torque pressure brake of improved construction.

Other objects of the invention The'invention consists in the several novel fea- Y tures hereinafter set forth and more particularly defined by claims at the conclusion hereof.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1v is a side elevation of the hydraulic torque pressure brake applied to a. hoisting mechanism, parts being shown in section.

Fig. 2 is a section taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 3 is a section taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 4 is a section taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a section of the` hydraulic brakemechanism taken on line 5--5 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a section taken on line 6-,6 of Fig. 5.1

Fig. 7 is an end elevation.

Fig. 8 is a section taken on line 3--8 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 9 is a section through the torque-pressure controlling valve, taken on line 9-9 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 10 is a perspective of the stationary valve member through which the fluid iiows to and from the radial cylinders of the hydraulic brake.

Fig. 11 is a plan illustrating the automatic means for controlling the torque pressure 4control valve. g

Fig. 12 is a side elevation of said automatic Fig. 13 is a section taken on line |3|3 of The invention is exemplified with hoisting mechanism which comprises: an overhead supporting structure which includes channel beams k29, rigidly connected at their ends by angle bars 2|; a cylindrical drum-housing 22 which has The hoisting mechanism comprises a drum 25 xed will appear froml the detailed description. Y

(Cl. 18S-91) to a shaft 24 which is'journaled in bearings 23* carried in the heads 21 in the housing 22; a

hoisting cable 29 which has its ends rigidly fixed to the drum and is adapted to be Wound on and unwound from thekdrum by rotation of the drum; a pulley block 30 to which the load to` be lifted is connected and which is suspended in a loop ofcable 29which depends from the drum; an electric motor 3| mounted on one end of the supporting structure; a magnetic clutch for driving the drum 25 from the motor 3| including a driving member 32 on the shaft of a reversible electric motor 3| and a driven member 33 xed tothe shaft 24 o f the drum 25. A holding brake 35 of usual construction may be provided for the motor 3|. The hoisting mechanism described is of the drum and cable type and may be of any suitable constructionas Well understood in the art. The magnetic clutch 32, 33 exemplifies a coupling'between electric motor 3| and the hoisting drum 25 which, when current is interrupted, will release the drum 25 to permit the load on the block 30 to drop by gravity and unwind the cable 29 from the drum 25, cause said drum to rotate, and drive the rotor of the hydraulic torque pressure brake-mechanism hereinafter described, which is adapted to gradually arrest and then stop the drum whenthe load has dropped to the desired predetermined point.

The hydraulic brake mechanism comprises a non-rotatable cylindrical casing which includes an annular member 31 provided with an integral side 38 which is iixedly secured to one of the flanges 23 on the housing 22, and a head 39 which closes the opposite side'of the casing; a rotor in said casing comprises a rotor-body 40 which is provided with a hub 4|; a sleeve 42 which is splinedv at 43,to one end of the drum-shaft 24 and keyed as at 44 to the hub 4| of rotor-body 40, and is journaled in anti-friction bearings 45 mounted in the sides 38 and 39 of the casing; a series of radial cylinders 46 formed in the rotorbody; and a series oi pistons 41 which are slidable in the cylinders 46,` respectively. A ring 50 is slidable transversely and non-rotatably mounted in the casing member 31 which is provided with 'cylindricalr tracks 55 on its inner periphery.

Each piston 41 carries adjacent its outer end a cross shaft 52, the ends of which are provided with rollers 5 4 for engaging tracks 55. Ring 50 is provided with inwardly extending `sides 5|,

which are provided with circular grooves 5 |a concentric with tracks 55. The ends of crossshafts 52 are provided with rollers 52' which extend into circular grooves 5|a in the sides 5| of the ring for .3 .forcing the pistons outwardly toward the tracks 55 and moving the pistons 41 outwardly when the rotor travels at low speed, or when centrifugal and the braking effect upon the rotor and the drum ze. l

A tank 5S is suitably supportedbybracketsy 5 from the beams 26 and contains as upplymofx Y hydraulic fluid not under pressure for 'circulation f through the brake-mechanism. From?:ftank .535. K.

hydraulic fluid passes through an intake' pipe 60 to a cup-shaped valve casing 6| whiclris secured to thecasing-side 39 and provided with a cylin- VVdrical valve y*seat 62. -A ring `valve 64 (Figs. *Bland 9v tting in the 'cylindrical -seat '62, is providedlwith an-a-rcuate intake fport 65 through *winch `theiuid flows vto a stationary-valve :mem-

fberf $3V and vthe rotatable valve-sleeve *42 V on the s t'ro'torto-fthe cylinders 46. Valve 6W is provided with'anarcua'tefoutlet port" 66 -towliich the fl-uid @from said "cyiinders 4651s Vconducted jvia sleeve *valve 262 andtthe stationary valve member -63 to lajpipe 67 vwhich ireturns -the fluid into :the 'tank 58. LRing-valve f c4 Aisrotatable 'to cause port P55 'toyariably limitand'cut off the outiovv of fluid 'from'tlre cylinders 15S and'produce the torque jpressurein *the fluid for @braking the drum f25 'againstrotaticn Ain A'one direction. ,Ring-valvel 64 'iisrotatableforthis purpose sby a' bevel "pinion 53 'which is' fixed to 'a sha-ft 'Hivvhit'lrisY pournaledin the-valvecasingei and an 1annular series of gear dteetltNH (Fig. T8) 'formed'on `the outer end Aof1 said A'.valveandmeshingwitli'pnon 69.

i y"'hejstaztionary valve member-63 is cylindrical, `las ajjportion 13 fitting theV inner peripherymf Vrring 'valve '64, "anda cylindrical `portion M Vfitting wtlieinner*periphery `of the rotatable valve-sleeve Memberii has its Nouter send ltting "against Aandfigedlysecured, by, bolts "l5, toth'e 'outer `side Aof valye'Lcasing (il Stationaryv'alve A'member A63 is provided with a'pair of vlongitudinallyextending .inlet ducts l1 whichV are Acorrnriunicatively connectedby a f-port '18 with the inlet port *65 ringevalvei. ".Tlie 'outerends of `ducts -11 are v`closed by the outer end of valve-.casing 6I and :their inner ends terminate `inwardly *of the inner endofvallvelmember 63. Ducts 11 Yare-communi- V icativelyconnected toa common duct '19 in'por-4 y tion lll o'fthe'valve member-63. Ajseries'of ports invalve-sleeve d2 conduct uid jfrom Aduct -19 jinto *the winner "ends of cylinders vfibrin Vrotative isuccession. IThe fluid lis I'drawn 4'into lcylinders "46 by-the :radial -outward movement `-of pistons jkl. Apairof cylindricalexhaustgductsf-l Yextend from Lthe inner porti-on y:M of Valve memberel,

-are felose'd at Itheir outer Yends 'by a `valve rcasing I jmember 163 y-to'the-pipe i6 'I which yreturns the uid *fw Ashout:pressuretofthe reservoir 58.

y airv of Ya'rcuz'ite grooves 83 in thek vperiphery #of portion lo f of stationaryvalveemember\B'3 eare'f communicatively connected by ports 84 to one l A pair of arcuate ducts 85 in the periphery at the opposite side of portion I of the inlet ducts 1T.

, 3 of valve member 63 are communicatively connected by ports 85a to one of the return ducts 87|. By means of these arcuate ducts thefluid pressure exerted on the ring-valve 64 is balanced to permit the free rotation of ring-valve 6d. Arcuate ,.,grpoues in the portionk ,"lqwofsu tipnary Valve member, 3 arecommunieativex n connected by ports 8l Yto one of thev inlet'du'cts 11; Arcuate grooves 88a disposed oppositely to the grooves y86 'are provided in the opposite portion of the pei.-:iiph-ny:of-the ,portion 14 of valve member 63 and 1;) arescommunicatively connected by ports 89 to oneof 'the'v exhaust ducts Si. Fluid in grooves 1 sfcarusezthev,transverse pressure between the rotorand the valve member 63 to be balanced I4agair'istthe transversenpressure produced on the sure bf fthe' 'fluid eerted on yone iside' Y'of the rotor. Y

@haring 5u, Whicniis'provideowith:tracks 55l -ifor t-theu'olllers'54 carriedvby the pistons .41,115

mounted to slide vtransversely in' the casing V3l "to -vary l'its eccentricityland the/length-of `the v5piston strokes lfor volumetricivariation ofthe fluid IYowingftcandexhausted from-theradial cylinders lv"li-e5. Ring is provided Vwith rectilinear surfaces which are slidably fitted to rectilinear surfaces BB-fformed yon 'the Yring `.'-'I".V A pair of .fscrews 1-89", 19o-b, whichl are threadedfto-caps 9|, 92, respectivelyfand 'dispose'don opposite sides .of ring-i511,v

`ing-mechanism and inother.instances'.it'l-is-desirf tion =withthe-rotor=sortlf1at the pistons 41 `will.

notmove radially for the circulationof fluid from .zeccerrtricity :may fbe varied'to correspondingly vary the volume of .'lowfofithefuid through vthe brakemechanism. v Y* fIn :thecpe-ration cf hoisting mechanismof the 150 type-described, f it is desirable Ito @permit fthefload 'tofbe quickly'lowered by gravity 4andtherevers- -ibledrurnto run Yfreely*unt-il'ithe load is to "be arrested. The invention provides :mechanism for automatically controlli-ng the .torque pressure oi l55 the/fluid "inthe braking =inechanism 'for stopping lthe'fiload and vdrum vaf-teria pre'deftermined drop of the load, land progressively increase said pres- ;s'ure asltheloadapproaches'its predeterminedpo-V v 1`sition'. 'This :mechanismis vcontrolled by the :ro-

fgta'tion lofft-lfie winding-drum 25 and `operates the KVA'ring-val-veG4 to controlthetorque pressure of the diuid'in lthe -cylindersf 46' which 'retards the Vrotation of the drum during the lowering of i-he'lloa'dA l1Thisfrr'iecl'ianism comprises a Ysprocket wheel mi! 65 which is xed to the shaft 2420i the drum'and #is l=1'otatable therewith; achain Hll y:fdriven by sprocket lill); a sprocket wheel m2 driven by H4cha-in l lll'l Jand -fixed to -a 'shaft I G3; ra gear casing 4'94 fin which sha-ft $193 fis journaledg through 'vvvliich said -shaft extends, and vwhich is sup.-

'ported -on `anangle plateV l 9,5 which is secured `Ito Jlt-hesupporting structure-for thehoisting mecha'- nism; vabevelfpinion lfixed to theshaft 103 Iin ilgear case Hilka bevel-gear- I gfmeshingwith pinopposite sides of valve member 63 due to the pres-` ftanikV 58 whenlno braking-eieot "is desired or-the provided for guiding the chain naled ingear case 64; a sprocket wheel l0 fixed to the outer end of shaft |09; a sprocket chain I I I driven byV sprocket wheel IID; a sprocket wheel ||2 which is driven' by chain I and rotatably mounted on the shaft a pair of forked arms ||3 which are fixed to shaft 10 at the sides of sprocket I l2, respectively; and appair fofstuds 4 carried by chain which are adapted.. to enter the recesses ||5 in the outer ends of` arms ||3 and intermittently to oscillate said arms to rotate shaft 16 which, through pinion 69 and gear 1|, rotates the arcuate port 66 in the ring-valve 64to gradually reduce the exhaust of hydraulic fluid from the cylinders 46 through valve sleeve 42, ducts 82, 8| port 82a, to the ring-valve64 for gradually increasing the torque pressure in cylinders 46 and for entirely cutting oi the exhaust of fluid from the cylinders and locking theV drum and its load when the load has reached its predetermined lowered position.

The outer end of shaft 10 for rotating valve 64 is supported in a plate ||1 which is secured by bolts to the cover ||8 of the gear case |64 and is also secured to the cap 9| on the hydraulic brake casing. Adjustable 'shoes ||i1a are provided for 'guiding the inner faces of chain IIIv adjacent the sprocket ||2.` Shoes ||8 are also III into the notches ||5 in arms ||3. An arm |2I|`is pivoted to the back of plate |I1, carries a roller I2| which engages a disk |22 which is fixed tothe shaft 10 and is engaged by a torsion spring |23 to press the roller I2| on arm |20 into notches |24 in disk |22 to prevent overthrow of the shaft 10 and arms ||3 when the studs |I4 pass out of the notches ||5 in arms ||3. The movement imparted to shaft 10 during a full cycle of movement of the arms 3 is sufficient to rotate theA ring valve 64 to completely cut off communication between exhaust ports 8| in the stationary valve member 63 and the pipe 61 and lock the liuid in the cylinders. Chain |0I, sprocket |02, pinion |06 and gear |08 exemplify speed-reducing gearing, operable from the drum shaft 24, for intermittently and automatically operating the ringvalve 64 for causinga gradual increase of the torque pressure in the hydraulic cylinders 46 produced by the pistons 4,1 in rotative succession, as the load descends, and to cut off the exhaust of fluid, when the load has dropped to, the predetermined point at which it is to vbe stopped. The outlet port 66in ring-,valve 64 terminates in a constricted portion 66, for more gradually cutting off the discharge of fluid, as the load nears the point Where it is to be stopped by the full closure of port 82,

During the operation of the drum 25 in the direction necessary for lifting thel load, the rotor and the pistons carried thereby will be rotated in the reverse direction from that in which i `the drum is rotated when the load is dropped and automatic braking occurs, the rotor of the hydraulic brake mechanism will be driven inthe reverse direction with the drum, and no braking is desired. This reversalof the rotor will reverse i the circulation of fluid through ducts 8| and 11. Provision is-made for preventing the braking of the rotor by this reversed circulation. For this purpose, the fluid which is discharged from the cylinders into one of the ducts 11 in the stationary valve member 63 is by-passed from said ducts into one of the ducts 8 I through which fluid is drawn into the cylinders, by means of a loop of pipe |26. The ends of pipe |26 are connected to -the outer end ofthe valve housing 6|-communi- 6 catively with said ducts11. and 8|, respectively A check valve |28 is includedin the pipe=|26to prevent this by-pass of the iiuid during the'operation of the drum and'brake mechanism in lowering the load. lDuring this reverse operation of the rotor of the4 hydraulic brake mechanism, .the fluid will be freely circulated from the/cylinders via` ports .11, pipe |26 inA which check Avalve |28is included, a duct 8| .to the cylinders in rotative successionfso. that there will be no torque pressure in thebrakemechanism and it will be automatically. ineffective for braking during lifting operations of the drum, until the valve A64 is automatically rotated into its open` position to .permit the exhaust of fluid from cylinder 46.l

The operation of the hydraulic braking mechanism will be as follows: Assuming the load .carried by the hoisting block 30 to have been raised, the cable will be wound on the drum 25. When the load is to be dropped, the current to the magnetic clutch 32, 33 will be cut oi and the drum 25 and the rotor of the hydraulic brake mechanism vwill be free to bedriven by the gravitation ofthev load on the block 30., The rotor-body of the, hydraulic brake mechanism willbe rotated in the direction of the arrow indicated in Fig. 5. gThe centrifugal force on the pistons 41 will tend to move them outwardly in the cylinders 46` and the rollers 54 will engage the eccentric tracks 55 on ring 50. The outward movement of the pistons will draw iiuidinto the cylinders in rotative succession through the-ports 48 in the .valve sleeve 42. During the inward movements of the pistons 41 in the cylinders 46 by the eccentricftracks 55, Vthe fluid in the cylinders will be forced outwardly therefrom `in rotative succession through ports 48 in the valve-sleeve 42 to produce a torque pressure in the cylinders against the pistons. When the ring valve r64 is in the position illustrated in Fig. 9, the maximum volume of hydraulic fluid will be drawn into cylinders 46 in rotative succession from the reservoir 58 via intake pipe 60, duct 65 in ring-valve 64, ducts 18, 11Jand 19, and the ports 48 in valve sleeve ,42, and an` equalvolume of fluid will be discharged from the cylinders in rotative succession by the inward movement of pistons 41 into the reservoir 58 via ports 48 in valve sleeve 42, ducts 82, 8| and 82a in stationary valve mem- 50 ber 63, ports 66 in valve 64, and pipe 61. The hydraulic brake mechanism will then produce no substantialbraking effect upon the drum and its load. This condition will continue until ringvalve 64 commencesto close to produce torque pressure in the cylinders 46 and against the pistons 41 and retard the sliding movement of the pistons and rotation of the rotor by the eccentric tracks 55. vWhen the chain which is continuously driven from the drum shaft 24, has been operated to move studs ||4, which are rcarried by said chain,into the recesses ||5 .in the outer ends of arms I3, thecontinued movement of Said studs around sprocket ||2 on shaft 10 will impart movement to said shaft andoperate the pinion 69 to rotate gear 1| on the valve-ring 64 to progressively close the duct 82a in stationary `valve member 63, and restrict the exhaust of iiuid from the cylinders, via ports 48'in valve sleeve 42, ducts 82, 8| and 82a in stationary valve member 63, duct 66, and pipe 61 to the reservoir .48. As port 82 is progressively closed by the valve-ring 64, the torque pressure inthe cylinders will be progressively increased until the exhaust of fluid is completely out off, 'and thenthe -75 duid-in ther cylinders in-which .the pistons have ment oi the fpistonsand.

systemes'.

poundsfisisuspended from /thezblocki'rand'azpree determined"y of'v 3 Sfeeti isi desired, and:v the' Y current' has: been' cul'fl'oi'.'from:z ther magnetic.

clutch .323.33, .the released! loadwill' continue toY drop an'drrotate the drum rlsvvhile'.-ringsvalvez|4 remains'.l in; its. fully 'opens ptositionf ifEig.. 9).' and' the;y hydraulic: torqueY pressure: in.l the; brake'. will be; approximately zero. Duri'ngf' this:V operation',y sprocket Wheel: chain IML.. sprocket; Wheel |02; pinion; |06', gear-V |afwilloperate:thessprocket I0. .to drivei the.. chain Hl 'so thatithee studs.. I4 will. travel Without. .shifting i the.' ring-waive Elli untill the: load hasidroppedf. for example; approxi@ mately 27' feet;4 The' studs. ||4WilllLthenf enter the: notches H5" in arms." H3'Y and commence: tov rotate shaft'. 'mi which through pinion 69'.'` and; gear 1|, will rotate:ring-valve'-lilVY in the'vdirection indicated lo'y the. arrow in Eig; 8;' andlprogressive'- lysclose duct82a as this.--occurs. TheI restriction of? the' outflow.' of hydraulic `fluid'. from thefcyl;r in'ders in rotative* succession Icauses-the. pressure to be built; up in cylinderslliiby'the radial inward movement of the'piston's M'. During anadditiom al. dropfJ of approximately six. feet', ring-valve'. E4' will completely.'v outro-iii the outflowbofhuid from ducts '8| andi theA torque pressuref inlthe cylinders willbe increased'. to.v cause thed'rum to stop at the end off al 331footadrop.; During'ths' closing cycle of .the ductr 82@ the' torque pressure "in" the cylinders. graduallydecelerates the dropping oi the4V load Without shocksuntil'it is automatically and' definitely arrested'7 at the; predetermined point'.

During thel load fli'ftin'gf operations; the7 dif-ulm 2.5 will be reversely rotated-through.'clutch 32'- and 33" from4 vthe reversi-ble'y motor-3 Il' and'the rotor 0i the" hydraulic brake mechanism# will be rotated with the drum This; reversalv 'ofthe rotorr wil reverse the flow of huid througl the-valve mein'- ber6'3' and it willfbedrawn intol'the cylinders 4E through ducts8l`an'cl exhausted through ducts.A 'Fl'.V The fluid'jr circulated' los#A thee? 'rotor'will cir'-' culate from the-'outer end'of'one ofi'the' ducts-'IT through pipe |26"t in-Whicfi' check-"valve |28 is' included, 'to' oneU of-` the ducts Bl' sos-that the iolo'ck 3U and load can'r loe'-I raised without any" braking eiect on therotor' untilport 822i opens; after. 'which' pipe 61 functions a'sf' an intake'- and' pipe Ililas an exhaust duringv the'remainder of the lifting operation; YDuringft'he initial portion 'lengthxof the pistorr'strokesrand t'liefvolimieoitth'e-,l

iluidafdisplaced fromy the: cylinders v,byithe pistons; Usually thedrurnr zfandrrotor-,fof .thcrbrakefare oper-ated'l at a sufficientlyghighfspeedwtofexert cen-s trifugalyforce ,on the pistonsrMf-for ,'movingit-hein f radiallyoutward', lloutwhensthenirumsis@operated 8 .atian .unusuallyflow speed. the circular grooves 54# inithezring-:sidesz lr Will electzthisaoutward radial movement: of; the pistons through; the rollers 522i1 orrtheisha'fts. 'whioh areca-rried'bythe' pistons l Shaft w3: which is: driven from the drumesh'aft Z'Ikmaybe: connected by acoupling |30 to' oper- .atei a suitable limit" switclfif'|:t|fY for the electricV The; invention'. exempliii'es; hydraulic braking mechanism ofthe pressure torque tyLpev whichis efficient; operation to gradually' controly the braking, ofi theloadf. The invention also exem'.- p'lies a .simpleconstructioninfwhich a ring-valve around. astationary valve member' isv utilized to control theatorque.. pressure. The; invention. also exernpliiiesv mechanism for automatically conftro'lling the ringi-valve for 'progressively increasingA this torque:` pressure. togradually; decelerate the dropping of theloadend' positively'fstop` the loadlfatI a.predeterminedpoint Withoutshock. The invention alsot exemplies a brake' in. which i the volume-controlling ring is non-rotatable'andad.; justableffor'volumetric variation of; thev fluid cir= culated` The-.invention alsoy exemplies hydraulic brake: mechanism. of the pressure'v torque. type whichA is efficient' in operation' and makesnit possible to'expedite the droppingofthe: loadunderA control of the brake.. v

The invention'isinot tolte understood as' restricted'. tothe' details setforth, vsincethese. may be modified. WithinV the scope of. the. appended claims `without departing.' from:` the: spirit. and scope ofthe invention;y f f Y Having thus described the invention: what I claim as' new and desire' t'o secure byv Letters Patent is: Y

l'. 'Hydraulic brake mechanismcomprising a driven rotor providedi WithV radial cylinders and pistons slidable in the cylinders, a oas-ing'provid'ed Withan eccentric track for operating the pistons to'V produce torque pressure in the huidl in the cylinders; valve' meansv rfor controllingffthe flow 'to andi the exhaust off fluid fromf the 'cylindersin continuous-rotative succession, means for con'- trolling 'the' outiiow offl'uidf from-'the exhaust-.com

trolmeans' andproducing torque pressure'in the cylindersv for braking'- the-rotor; and'y meansv controlled'hyf the operation of thev rotor; for automatically shiftingv the outflow control! means-'and progressively increasing the torque pressure in the cylinders', said last'namedfmeans including an element rotated' bythe rotor andspeed'sredu'cing gearing-'between saidj element and the outflow controlmeans. Y

2. Hydraulic brake mechanismcomprisinga driven rotor provided? with radial cylinders' and pistons sliidaolef` inthe' cylinders, a casing provided' with an'eccentric` track? for"operating` the 'pistons to.' produceftorquepressure in' the' Vfluid in ther cylinders;l valveemeansA forl controlling."- the constant driving. connection t Witlrrth'e rotor "and a; lost-motion connection.. between i said-f endless element. and. theX outflowcontrolnmeans. i f i 3;.. Hydraulic. brake mechanism comprisinggia to produce torque pressure in the fluidin the cylinders, valvevmeans ,for controlling ,i the flow of uuid to and tnexhaust 'ofnuid friend/the cyanders in continuous rotative 'succession, rotary means for controlling the outflow of fluid from the exhaust control means and "producing torque pressure inthe cylinders for'braking the rotor, and means controlled by the operation ofthe `rotor for automaticallyshifting the outilowfcontrol means and-progressively increasing the"torque pressure iny the cylinders, said 44last mentioned means comprising speed reduction gearing'having a constant driving connection with the rotor intermittently acting mechanism and speed-reducing gearing between said intermittently acting mechanism and the outflow control means.

4. Hydraulic brake mechanism comprising a driven rotor provided with radial cylinders and pistons slidable in the cylinders, a casing provided with an eccentric track for operating the pistons to produce torque pressure in the fluid in the cylinders, valve means for controlling the flow of fluid to and the exhaust of fluid from the cylinders in continuous rotative succession, rotary means for controlling the outflow of fluid fromk the exhaust control means and producing torque pressure in the cylinders for braking the rotor,

piston slidable in the cylinders, a non-rotatablel casing provided with an eccentric track for operating the pistons to produce torque pressure in the cylinders, valve means including a sleeve in the rotor and a centrally disposed non-rotatable member secured in the casing, for controlling the flow of iluid to and from the cylinders in continuous rotative succession, an inlet for iluid in the casing, an outlet for fluid in the casing, vand a rotary valve around said stationary member for controlling the output of uid from the stationary member to said outlet for producing torque pressure in the cylinders and braking the rotor.

6. Hydraulic brake mechanism comprising a driven rotor provided with radial cylindersand pistons slidable in the cylinders, a non-rotatable casing provided with an eccentric track for operating the pistons to produce torque pressure in the cylinders, valve means including a sleeve in the rotor and a centrally disposed non-rotatable 10 the cylinderspvalve means including a sleeve in the rotor and a centrally disp'osednon-rotatable member secured in the'casingan'd provided with ducts for delivering duid to and from the cylinders through said sleeve for` controlling fluid to and from the cylinders in continuous'rotativ'e succession,` iluid ducts betweenthe sleeve Aand stationary membersfor balancing the off-center pressure on the rotor', and means for controlling the outllowV of fluid from the stationary member to said outlet for producingtorque pressure inthe rotatable casing fla-round 'the rotor, va ringtr'ans`- cylindersand braking therotor.

8. Hydraulic brake,` mechanism *comprising a driven rotory provided with'radial'cylinders and pistons slidable in the `cylinders, rollers ,onf the outerends'of the pistons, respectively, a' non versely slidable and'non-rotatably confined in the casing, and having a circular trackengaging said rollers for operating the pistons to produce torque pressure in the cylinders, means for slidably adjusting the ring to vary its eccentrici-tyv and into coaxial relation with the rotor, Valve means for controlling the ilow of fluid to and from the cylinders in continuous rotative succession, and means for controlling the outflow of fluid from the cylinders and producing torque pressure therein for braking the rotor.

9. Hydraulic brake mechanism for .a reversible hoisting drum comprising: a supporting" structure for the drum, a rotor driven by and coaxial with the drum and provided with radial cylinders and pistons slidable in the cylinders, a casing xedly secured to the structure and provided with an eccentric track for operating the pistons to produce torque pressure in the fluid in the cylinders, a reservoir for the fluid carried by said structure, said casing being provided with an inlet and an outlet communicatively connected to the reservoir, means in the casing for conducting iiuid from said inlet to the cylinders and from the cylinders to said outlet in continuous rotative succession, means in the casing for controlling the flow of fluid from said conducting means to said outlet for producing torque pressure in the cylinders for braking the rotor and the drum when the drum and rotor are driven in one direction, and means for by-passing the fluid from the inlet to the outlet when the rotor is driven in the reverse direction.

10. Hydraulic brake mechanism for a hoisting drum comprising: a supporting structure for the drum, a rotor driven by and coaxial with the drum vand provided with radial cylinders and pistons slidable in the cylinders, a casing xedly secured to the structure and provided with an eccentric track for operating the pistonsto produce torque pressure in the uid in the cylinders,

means' for adjusting the eccentric ring to vary member secured in the casing, for controlling the y flow of fluid to and from the cylinders in continuous rotative succession, an inlet for fiuid in the piston slidable in the cylinders, a non-rotatableV caslng provided with an eccentric track for opery ating the pistons to produce torque pressure in its eccentricity for varying the volumetric flow of the hydraulic iluid by the pistons in the cylinders,

a reservoir for the fluid carried by said structure,

said casing being provided with an inlet and an G5 outlet for uid communicativelyv connected to the reservoir, a stationary member in the casing for condutcing liuid from said inlet to the cylinders and from the cylinders to said outlet in continuous rotative succession, a rotary valve in the casing around said stationary member for controlling the flow of iluid from said conducting means to said outlet for producing torque pressure in the cylinders for braking the rotor and drum, and mechanism operable from the drum I5 for intermittently rotating said valve to progressivel-y increase lAuihe targue 'fpressure the cylnders.

{1 1. Hydraulic brake ,mechanismcomprsinge drivenreversble vrotor provided ,with `radial @cyl- Auid, valve means forcontrolling `the fiowiofiuid cylinders ams@ annunci theoutfiowonirolmeans whenthemor The 'lfOllOWing VA:references sare :of frecord in fthe le of this :patenti Y Y l v'UNITED' 'STATES PATENTS 

